Chemical Constituents of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less and Their Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

Vernonia Cinerea (L.) Less was used in traditional herbs as it has potential to wound healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, reducing smoking addict and antioxidant. This study focused on extraction of V. cinerea by hexane maceration. The crude extract was isolated by column chromatography and biology activity of V. cinerea extract was tested using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. The V. cinerea extract yielded two isolated compounds, compound C1 which had an IR spectral data for absorption band in wave number at 2921 cm-1, 1462 cm-1, 700 cm-1 corresponding to -CH stretching, -CH bending and C-C stretching, respectively. GC-MS chromatogram revealed that m/z at 380 and the molecular formula was C27H56 which similar to heptacosane comparison to NIST library. The IR spectral data of Compound C2 showed the presence of OH at 3450 cm-1, C=C at 1723 cm-1 and CH3 at 2933 cm-1. The m/z Ion peak at 426 was suggested to C30H50O comparison with NIST library, was closely to lupeol. The antioxidant activity of both compounds was calculated as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). As a result, Compound C2 gave a better antioxidant activity (93.33±0.38 mM trolox/g DM) than compound C1 (80.00±0.61 mM trolox/g DM) (p<0.05). In addition, ABTS assay scavenging activity of compound C1 was 200±0.19 mM trolox/g DM and Compound C2 was 333.33±0.41 mM trolox/g DM (p<0.05). From all of the results above, this study suggested that V. cinerea can be a novel herb for cosmetic and pharmaceutical industrial application in the future.